{"id":45399,"date":"2018-02-20T11:15:16","date_gmt":"2018-02-20T09:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/praag.co.za\/?p=45399"},"modified":"2018-02-20T11:15:16","modified_gmt":"2018-02-20T09:15:16","slug":"leon-lemmer-joan-didion-en-oriana-fallaci-twee-joernaliste-en-skryfsters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/?p=45399","title":{"rendered":"Leon Lemmer: Joan Didion en Oriana Fallaci, twee joernaliste en skryfsters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Joan Didion (gebore in 1934) het bekendheid verwerf met haar boek, <i>The year of magical thinking <\/i>(London: Harper Perenial, 2006, 227p; Amazon Kindle $10,23). Daarin besin sy oor die dood van haar man, John Gregory Dunne (1932-2003), met wie sy in 1964 getrou het. Die dood van John ervaar sy as &#8220;the unending absence &#8230; the void&#8221; (p 189), &#8220;the permanent impassibility of the divide&#8221; (195) en &#8220;my awareness of the final silence that separated us&#8221; (196). Soos Philippe Ari\u00e8s dit stel: &#8220;A single person is missing for you, and the whole world is empty&#8221; (192). Die boek eindig met gevolgtrekkings soos: &#8220;I know why we try to keep the dead alive: we try to keep them alive in order to keep them with us. I also know that if we are to live ourselves there comes a point at which we must relinguish the dead, let them go, keep them dead. Let them become the photograph on the table&#8221; (225-226). Vir die agtergeblewene is die hoofprobleem om die finaliteit van die dood van &#8216;n geliefde te aanvaar. Didion het die boek in minder as drie maande geskryf. Die spontaniteit en egtheid van die teks het meegebring dat meer as &#8216;n miljoen eksemplare verkoop is.<\/p>\n<p>Toe John Dunne sterf, was hulle aangenome dogter, Quintana Roo (1966-2005), reeds ernstig siek. Sy het verskeie kwale gehad. Depressie het tot drankmisbruik gelei. Sy het breinchirurgie ondergaan en is aan pankreasontsteking dood. Didion het probeer om die sukses van haar vorige boek te herhaal deur op &#8216;n soortgelyke manier oor die dood van haar dogter te skryf: <i>Blue nights <\/i>(London: Fourth Estate, 2011, 188p; Amazon Kindle $10,47). Dit is moeilik om uitsonderlike sukses te herhaal. Herhaaldelike woordelikse herhalings uit die vorige boek is nie &#8216;n wenresep nie. Nuwe insigte oor die dood en wat daarmee saamhang, het egter by Didion ontbreek. Die hoofprobleem was dat sy glad nie so entoesiasties en opreg oor haar dogter as oor haar man kon wees nie. Met die aanneming van Quintana in 1966 het hulle eintlik ander mense se probleem hulle eie gemaak.<\/p>\n<p><i>Blue nights <\/i>is aggressief bemark, asof dit &#8216;n treffer en blitsverkoper soos <i>Magical thinking <\/i>sou wees. In werklikheid is die teks &#8216;n volslae mislukking en het sowel die outeur as die uitgewer dit geweet. Sara Davidson (gebore in 1943) verskaf di\u00e9 agtergrond in haar boek, <i>Joan: Forty years of life, loss and friendship with Joan Didion <\/i>(San Francisco: Byliner, 2011, 45p; Amazon Kindle $2,99). In 2010 het Didion haar uitgewer geskakel: &#8220;I&#8217;m sorry. I&#8217;m having trouble with this book and I&#8217;m beside myself. I don&#8217;t know what to do with it. I can&#8217;t think straight&#8221; (Kindle 505). Davidson het vir Didion gevra hoe sy die probleme met haar manuskrip oorkom het. Didion: &#8220;I didn&#8217;t. I just jumped ship. I couldn&#8217;t live with it anymore&#8221; (509). &#8220;I didn&#8217;t feel certain about what I was saying&#8221; (536). Nogtans is gepoog om soveel geld moontlik uit hierdie mislukte projek te maak.<\/p>\n<p>Onlangs het Didion se aansien &#8216;n hupstoot gekry. Daar is &#8216;n indrukwekkende foto van haar (toe sy jonger was) by &#8216;n luukse motor op die omslag van Terry Newman se boek, <i>Legendary authors and the clothes they wore <\/i>(New York: Harper Design, 2017, 213p; Amazon Kindle $14,81). Met die oog op wat hier onder volg, is twee dinge van belang. Didion is net vyf voet twee duim lank. Liggaamlik word sy as &#8220;tiny &#8230; fragile en slight&#8221; beskryf (Davidson 39). Soms koop sy haar klere in die winkel se kinderafdeling. Verder is sy buitengewoon welgesteld. In 1988 het Didion en haar man &#8216;n luukse woonstel in New York City aangeskaf. In hierdie woonstel was daar 13 telefone (<i>Blue nights <\/i>p 143)<i>.<\/i> Hulle is as &#8220;rich and famous&#8221; gereken (Davidson 350). Soos Didion was Dunne &#8216;n joernalis en skrywer van onder meer draaiboeke en toneelstukke. In Amerika is dit blykbaar moontlik om baie geld in hierdie sektor te oes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_45401\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-45401\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/praag.co.za\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-45401\" src=\"http:\/\/praag.co.za\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-300x190.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-768x487.jpg 768w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-148x94.jpg 148w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-31x20.jpg 31w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-38x24.jpg 38w, https:\/\/praag.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oriana-fallaci-339x215.jpg 339w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-45401\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oriana Fallaci<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Oriana Fallaci (1929-2006) was &#8216;n Italiaanse joernalis en skryfster. Onlangs is die eerste omvattende biografie oor haar in Engels gepubliseer, naamlik Christina de Stefano (gebore in 1967) se boek, <i>Oriana Fallaci: The journalist, the agitator, the legend <\/i>(New York: Other Press, 2017, 289p; Amazon Kindle $15,95), wat oorspronklik in 2013 in Italiaans verskyn het. In 1963 het Fallaci haar in New York City gevestig. Daar is verdere ooreenkomste met Didion. Fallaci was ook aantreklik en net vyf voet een duim lank. Skryfwerk het ook vir haar buitengewoon welvarend gemaak. Benewens &#8216;n vierverdiepingwoonplek in Amerika het sy in Itali\u00eb ook &#8216;n woonstel en &#8216;n plaas besit. Teen die einde van haar lewe was haar ligaamlike toestand so verswak dat geen lugredery haar van New York na Florence wou vervoer sodat sy ooreenkomstig haar wens in haar vaderland kon sterf nie. In haar hart het sy &#8216;n Italianer, spesifiek &#8216;n Florentyn gebly (Kindle 1586). Sy het toe &#8216;n vliegtuig gehuur en twee geneeshere het haar gedurende die vlug bygestaan. Sy is tien dae na haar terugkeer aan kanker oorlede. &#8220;My relationship with cancer is a war&#8221; (3507); &#8216;n oorlog wat sy sedert 1992 gevoer en na verloop van 14 jaar verloor het.<\/p>\n<p>Fallaci se pa was aktief in die weerstand teen Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) se fasciste. As skoolkind het sy gehelp om wapens en inligting na reaksion\u00eares te smokkel. &#8220;If she has to carry a hand grenade, she hides it in a head of lettuce in the basket of her bicycle, after having carefully carved out its core&#8221; (253). N\u00e1 skool het sy aanvanklik &#8216;n mediese student. Daarna het sy in die joernalistiek studeer. As joernalis was sy aan koerante en tydskrifte in Florence, Milaan en Rome verbonde. As oorlogsverslaggewer was sy in die gevegsones in bv Vi\u00ebtnam. In Mexiko is sy tydens &#8216;n gewelddadige insident ernstig beseer. &#8216;n Groot deurbraak was die onderhoude wat sy met talle leidende politici, sogenaamde w\u00eareldleiers, gevoer het. Nadat sy dwarsoor Itali\u00eb bekendheid verwerf het, het haar skryfwerk begin om internasionale aansien te geniet. Veral die Amerikaanse mark was van deurslaggewende belang (1168). &#8220;Whether we like it or not, the new imperialism is the imperialism of the English language&#8221; (1319).<\/p>\n<p>Teen 1955 &#8220;Oriana&#8217;s style, the style that will make her famous around the world, is already perfectly formed: her tenacity in pursuit of a story, her ability to build a narrative, and her decision to include herself in that narrative. She asks the photographer who work with her to include her in their shots of the interviewee and writes in the first person. She describes her feelings and addresses the reader directly: Do you see? Understand? Let me explain. It is as if each article were a conversation&#8221; (731). Dit is soortgelyk aan die New Journalism waarvan Didion deel was; dat nie-fiksie soos fiksie moet lees en dat objektiwiteit danksy fyn waarneming met &#8216;n (beperkte) mate van subjektiwiteit aangevul word.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;An interview is never neutral. It is an encounter, a collision, sometimes a love story&#8221; (2323). Fallaci het haar onderhoud met Gina Lollobrigida (gebore in 1927), &#8216;n beroemde Italiaanse rolprentster, soos volg begin: &#8220;I don&#8217;t think you&#8217;re as stupid as people say&#8221; (1205). Die eerste vraag wat sy aan Nguyen van Thi\u00eau (1923-2001), die Suid-Vi\u00ebtnamese diktator (1965-1975), gestel het, is: &#8220;How corrupt are you?&#8221; (2334). &#8220;Many people criticize her style, finding it too provocative&#8221; (2460). Sy het pous Benedict XVI ontmoet en skryf: &#8220;I adore Ratzinger, not just because he is intelligent and cultivated, but because he has balls&#8221; (3689).<\/p>\n<p>Fallaci het in 1955 haar eerste besoek aan Amerika gebring. In daardie stadium was haar Engels nog gebrekkig (&#8220;Fallaci English&#8221; \u2013 3477) , maar sy kon onderhoude in Frans en Spaans voer. Soos dikwels later, is toe reeds ges\u00ea: &#8220;She was fragile, but she used agressiveness as a shield&#8221; (804). Die kenmerk wat sy die meeste in mense bewonder het, is moed (836). Vir hoeveel hedendaagse Afrikaners sou sy bewondering kon h\u00ea? Oor die Amerikaners het sy voorbehoude gehad. &#8220;She notices a certain dangerous shallowness. &#8216;Americans don&#8217;t believe in any happiness beyond the happiness of material comfort'&#8221; (1319).<\/p>\n<p>Aanvanklik was Fallaci sosialisties gesind. Hoe meer sy die gevolge van kommunisme dwarsoor die w\u00eareld waargeneem het, hoe meer ontnugter het sy geraak. &#8220;I became convinced that socialism was the brother of communism, another face of communism&#8221; (2163). N\u00e1 die 9\/11-gebeure in 2001 het sy sterk teen die teenwoordigheid van Moslems in veral Europa beswaar gemaak; ook teen Somali\u00ebrs wat bv in die strate van Florence ge\u00fcrineer het (3616). &#8220;In Italy, her positions are published mainly in Right-leaning newspapers, which hold her up as an icon&#8221; (3626). In haar laaste skrywes &#8220;she writes for the people of Europe, in order to shake them and spur them to defend their identity and values&#8221; (3587). Sy was gekant teen aborsie, genadedood, selfdegeslaghuwelike en die aanneming van kinders deur homoseksuele. In Amerika word haar konserwatisme gesteun deur &#8216;n jonger generasie joernaliste en skrywers, soos Pamela Geller (gebore in 1958) en Robert Spencer (gebore in 1962).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Joan Didion (gebore in 1934) het bekendheid verwerf met haar boek, The year of magical thinking (London: Harper Perenial, 2006, 227p; Amazon Kindle $10,23). Daarin besin sy oor die dood van haar man, John Gregory Dunne (1932-2003), met wie sy in 1964 getrou het. Die dood van John ervaar sy as &#8220;the unending absence &#8230; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":45400,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[149,10],"tags":[14022,24301,20274],"class_list":["post-45399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c160-leon-lemmer","category-rubrieke","tag-joan-didion","tag-oriana-fallaci","tag-pamela-geller"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45399"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45399\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praag.co.za\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}